We safety people try our hardest to influence behavior constructively. But in trying to change behavior, we are fighting a lifetime of conditioned training. Most workers learn early the habits of hurrying, neglecting anything that slows production and ridiculing those who take due caution in their daily work habits. This conditioning is often reinforced by laziness, when it takes extra effort to work safely. Laziness often greases the skids for creating unsafe conduct.

Once this conditioning becomes a comfortable social "norm" in the workplace it becomes extremely hard to change. Worse yet, as employees move to other jobs, they take the norms with them and infect others in their new workplace - similar to the way the flu is spread at the mall. It's a fact of life that bad habits are much easier to form than good ones.

So how do we, as safety professionals, overcome all of this? Sometimes it pays to guide people to look at why they do the things they do.

Finding Your Workers' Personal Source of Influence

It's a good idea to occasionally work a little introspection into your safety meetings. Ask your audience to think hard about their past work experience and identify (without naming names) a moment in their past when they were told by a co-worker, senior or supervisor that the safety rules didn't matter and merely slowed things down. Maybe they were told that it was too hot to use PPE. Perhaps someone made fun of their safety glasses until they no longer wanted to wear them.

Ask the audience if they've ever attended a safety meeting that was derailed by a cranky or argumentative co-worker who deliberately wanted to be a pain. Sadly, such people do exist; and they teach other, especially younger, workers by their example. As a result, this kind of behavior can create cultural norms that last for years.

An Example

I distinctly remember an incident on my very first job that affected my attitude toward safety. A foreman told me to change some flourescent lights. But instead of using a ladder, he wanted me to be lifted on the forks of a forklift with no fall protection. When I hesitated, he bristled and told me that I would "do it or go home."

I was young and I needed the job. So I did an incredibly stupid thing. I complied. The lesson I learned at the time was that speed was paramount; safety was a luxury. Both co-workers and management expected compliance to give way to the needs of production. Any idea to the contrary was not only ignored but met by threats of retaliation. It was years before I came to see that these norms were wrong and that safety was supremely important. And, at every turn, I resisted challenges to the norm before I finally gave up my unsafe attitudes and habits.

Why It Helps to Reflect on the Past

Clearly, the norm that production is more important than safety didn't do me any good and could have done me serious harm. But these memorable moments in which norms are formed happen all the time. They are what give rise to the safety attitudes we fight against every day. They are reinforced when management turns a blind eye and encourages production volume over sound safety practices. Outside of training, the only natural counter to this conditioning on the side of safety is when a safety device or procedure dramatically saves someone.

When workers say, "I decided that it wasn't necessary..." or "I don't need that," all they're really doing is voicing what they learned from their teachers. To challenge the lesson, we need to get them to recognize that. Once the memory of that person or event is brought into focus, some workers won't like what they see. You need to ask them gently, "Do you really want to be like that?" If the answer is "no," this is a good start to personal change.

Conclusion

Safety professionals also fall victim to influence. We must be vigilant about this and occasionally reflect to see what's driving our actions. Sometimes we're compelled or told to "tone it down" in our teaching and enforcement, rather than buck the tide. And our job is a never-ending, uphill struggle. We get tired. When this happens, we are susceptible to having our standards eroded. We don't fight for change quite so hard. Compromise creeps into the picture.

As professionals, we should encourage each other to join an organization, professional society, make contacts and friends in the safety field. Subscribe to publications that inform, instruct and reinforce you. Doing so keeps our proper focus and direction. We must be unwavering in the eyes of those we work with and/or for. We must be the influence, not the other way around.

BAD INFLUENCES

Learning from a Toxic Environment

By Phil Wells

The Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens opens with, "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair."

This describes my two years as a Safety Director of a steel foundry a few years ago. It was the worst job I have ever had. It was also by far the best thing that could have happened to broaden my experience and prepare me for the rest of my career.

It was-and is-incredible to me that individuals seemingly are unconcerned about their own safety and the safety of their co-workers. At the foundry, supervisors were as guilty as production workers. A fatality and injuries resulting in permanent disability apparently made no impact.

To this day, I have not been able come to grips with this mentality. Whether it was the wearing of mandatory personal protective equipment, hard hats, safety glasses, hearing protection, safety shoes or personal monitors for radiation, it made no difference. No one seemed to want to wear the prescribed item. And they didn't, unless they were observed not complying with requirements. Even an inspection by an OSHA compliance officer and the resulting citation and fines did not improve compliance.

What I learned is that even when others purport to be playing by the rules, too many individuals assume "the rules don't apply to me."

BEWARE OF LOVE

A Valentine's Day Job Hazard Assessment

By Catherine Jones

Few activities pose greater hazards than falling in love! It all starts with a fall. Those who fall deepest in love fall hardest. When love enters your life it takes your breath away. Not only do you lose the ability to breathe, you risk breaking a vital organ - your heart. Cupid's arrow can leave permanent scars. And then there's the whole kissing thing. Think of the germs!

Music makers and singers are particularly adept at recognizing the hazards of love. Here is a brief quiz to see if you can figure out the songs from which the following hazards derive. Good luck:

NAME THAT TUNE

Songs that Reveal the Hazards of Love

1. What happens when a sweetheart doesn't use a lifeline.
2. What happens when you let a love song go unguarded.
3. Why love and fire shouldn't mix.
4. Why sweethearts needs respirators.
5. Proof that sweethearts are prone to risky behavior.
6. Simply put: Why you should stay away from love.

Answers:

1. I Fall to Pieces, by Patsy Cline
2. Unchained Melody, by Hy Zaret
3. Smoke Gets in Your Eyes, by Otto A. Harbach
4. You Take My Breath Away, by Claire Hamill
5. Absence of Fear, by Jewel Kilcher
6. Love Hurts, by Boudleaux Bryant

Based on this evidence, on Valentine's Day, we should all wear fall protection, a respirator and safety goggles. And stay away from persons evoking strong emotions.

VALENTINE'S DAY

A sincere way to say `I love you'

A Few Quick Safety Quotes

By Catherine Jones

Tears are the safety valve of the heart when too much pressure is laid on it.
Albert Smith

Out of this nettle, danger, we pluck this flower, safety.
William Shakespeare

Hug your kids at home, but belt them in the car.
Author Unknown

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